This article summarizes the likely benefits of melatonin in the attenuation of COVID-19 based on its putative pathogenesis.

Authors: dos Santos LM. DOI: 10.30574/gscbps.2020.11.3.0155 Abstract COVID-19 has become an international pandemic and is causing a worldwide public health emergency; therefore, an effective treatment is urgently needed. The hypothesis is that Covid virus interferes with the cobalamin metabolism, causing symptoms of cobalamin deficiency. This is plausible to infer, because there are symptoms of vitamin [...]

Authors: Fatima S, Zaidi SS, Alsharidah AS, Alijaser FS, Banu N. PMID:PMC7295866 DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000085 Abstract The immune system protects the host from pathogenic organisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites). To deal with this array of threats, the immune system has evolved to include a myriad of specialised cell types, communicating molecules and functional responses. The immune [...]

Authors: Willis MS, Monaghan SA, Miller ML, McKenna RW. PMID:PMC7295866 DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000085 Abstract The immune system protects the host from pathogenic organisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites). To deal with this array of threats, the immune system has evolved to include a myriad of specialised cell types, communicating molecules and functional responses. The immune system is [...]

Authors:Calder PC. PMID:PMC7295866 DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000085 Abstract The immune system protects the host from pathogenic organisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites). To deal with this array of threats, the immune system has evolved to include a myriad of specialised cell types, communicating molecules and functional responses. The immune system is always active, carrying out surveillance, but its [...]

Authors:Daneshkhah A, Eshein A, Subramanian H. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.08.20058578 Abstract Objectives To investigate the possible role of Vitamin D (Vit D) deficiency via unregulated inflammation in COVID-19 complications and associated mortality. Design The time-adjusted case mortality ratio (T-CMR) was estimated as the number of deceased patients on day N divided by the number of confirmed cases [...]

The coronavirus, COVID-19, has infected hundreds of thousands and killed tens of thousands of individuals worldwide. This highly infectious condition continues to ravage the world population and has yet to reach it peak infective rate in some countries.

The pathogenesis of a COVID-19 respiratory infection, in a major way, is related to what is referred to as the cytokine storm [cytokine storm syndrome (CSS, hypercytokinemia, etc.], i.e., it is a hyper-inflammatory response.

Authors:LLie PC, Stefanescu S, Smith L. PMID:PMC7202265 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01570-8 AbstractWHO declared SARS-CoV-2 a global pandemic. The present aim was to propose an hypothesis that there is a potential association between mean levels of vitamin D in various countries with cases and mortality caused by COVID-19. The mean levels of vitamin D for 20 European countries [...]

Authors:Marik PE, Kory P, Varon J. PMID:PMC7189189 doi: 10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100041 Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed over 150,000 lives worldwide. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 results in a broad spectrum of disease, with in excess of 80% of patients having few or no symptoms. What is striking about COVID-19 is the enormous variation in [...]