Auhtors: Vyazovskiy VV, Delogu A PMID: 24598308 DOI: 10.1177/1073858413518152 Abstract The overall function of sleep is hypothesized to provide "recovery" after preceding waking activities, thereby ensuring optimal functioning during subsequent wakefulness. However, the functional significance of the temporal dynamics of sleep, manifested in the slow homeostatic process and the alternation between non-rapid eye movement (NREM) [...]

Auhtors: Nieuwdorp M, Gilijamse PW, Pai N, Kaplan LM PMID: 24560870 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2014.02.008 Abstract Intestinal microbes regulate metabolic function and energy balance; an altered microbial ecology is believed to contribute to the development of several metabolic diseases. Relative species abundance and metabolic characteristics of the intestinal microbiota change substantially in those who are obese or [...]

Auhtors: Li Z, Geng YN, Jiang JD, Kong WJ PMID: 24669227 PMCID: PMC3942282 DOI: 10.1155/2014/289264 Abstract Oxidative stress and inflammation are proved to be critical for the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Berberine (BBR) is a natural compound isolated from plants such as Coptis chinensis and Hydrastis canadensis and with multiple pharmacological activities. Recent studies showed [...]

Auhtors: Giraldo NA, Becht E, Remark R, Damotte D, Sautès-Fridman C, Fridman WH PMID: 24487185 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2014.01.001 Abstract A tumour grows in a complex microenvironment composed of stromal cells, lymphoid and myeloid cells, vascular and lymphatic vessels, and the resultant cytokine and chemokine milieu. In most primary tumours, a strong Th1/cytotoxic T cells infiltration correlates [...]

Auhtors: Seyfried TN, Shelton LM PMID: 24343361 PMCID: PMC3941741 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt480 Abstract Emerging evidence indicates that cancer is primarily a metabolic disease involving disturbances in energy production through respiration and fermentation. The genomic instability observed in tumor cells and all other recognized hallmarks of cancer are considered downstream epiphenomena of the initial disturbance of cellular [...]

Auhtors: Komohara Y, Jinushi M, Takeya M PMID: 24168081 PMCID: PMC4317877 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12314 Abstract The fact that various immune cells, including macrophages, can be found in tumor tissue has long been known. With the recent introduction of the novel concept of macrophage differentiation into a classically activated phenotype (M1) and an alternatively activated phenotype (M2), [...]

Auhtors: Zhang D-W, Fu M, Gao S-H, Liu J-L PMID: 24348712 PMCID: PMC3857752 DOI: 10.1155/2013/636053 Abstract Turmeric (Curcuma longa), a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family, has been used for the treatment of diabetes in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine. The active component of turmeric, curcumin, has caught attention as a potential treatment [...]

Auhtors: Gandini S, De Vries E, Tosti G, Botteri E, Spadola G, Maisonneuve P, et al. PMID: 24223851 PMCID: PMC3817085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078820 Abstract Background: Previous studies have reported an association between sun exposure and improved cutaneous melanoma (CM) survival. We analysed the association of UV exposure with prognostic factors and outcome in a large melanoma [...]

Auhtors: Patra KC, Hay N PMID: 24196563 PMCID: PMC3875752 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1563 Abstract It is well established that cancer cells differ from most somatic adult cells by their high rate of aerobic glycolysis despite oxidative phosphorylation. This distinct property of cancer cells is often used for tumor imaging in vivo following the administration of the labeled [...]

Auhtors: Newman JC, Verdin E PMID: 24140022 PMCID: PMC4176946 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.09.002 Abstract Traditionally, the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (βOHB) has been looked upon as a carrier of energy from liver to peripheral tissues during fasting or exercise. However, βOHB also signals via extracellular receptors and acts as an endogenous inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs). These recent [...]