SARS-CoV-2 infection is required for COVID-19, but many signs and symptoms of COVID-19 differ from common acute viral diseases. SARS-CoV-2 infection is necessary but not sufficient for development of clinical COVID-19 disease. Currently, there are no approved pre- or post-exposure prophylactic COVID-19 medical countermeasures. Clinical data suggest that famotidine may mitigate COVID-19 disease, but both mechanism of action and rationale for dose selection remain obscure.

Authors: Pitt B, Sutton NR, Wang Z, Holinstat M PMID: 33667455 PMCID: PMC7923868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173988 Abstract There is a need for therapeutic approaches to prevent and mitigate the effects of Coronavirus Disease (2019) (COVID-19). The histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor valproic acid, which has been available for the therapy of epilepsy for many years, is a [...]

Auhtors: Aydin M, Kose E, Odabas I, Meric BB, Demirci D, Aydin Z PMID: 33773535 PMCID: PMC8286684 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.3.725 Abstract Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine the effects of aerobic and stretching exercises on quality of life and depression levels of breast cancer patients. Methods: A total of 48 women (mean age [...]

Authors: Supady A, Taccone FS, Lepper PM, Ziegeler S, Staudacher DL PMID: 33648538 PMCID: PMC7919616 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-021-03486-9 Abstract Survival of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with severe respiratory failure treated with veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) ranges around 60%, according to recent studies. Initial recommendations for the use of V-V [...]

Authors: Gordon AC, Mouncey PR, Rowan KM, Nichol AD, Arabi YM, Annane D PMID: 33631065 PMCID: PMC7953461 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100433 Abstract Background: The efficacy of interleukin-6 receptor antagonists in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is unclear. Methods: We evaluated tocilizumab and sarilumab in an ongoing international, multifactorial, adaptive platform trial. Adult patients with [...]

Authors: Rosas IO, Brau N, Waters M, Go R, Hunter BD, Bhagani S et al. PMID: 33631066 PMCID: PMC7953459 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2028700 Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is associated with immune dysregulation and hyperinflammation, including elevated interleukin-6 levels. The use of tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-6 receptor, has resulted in better outcomes in [...]

Authors: Ko JJ, Wu C, Mehta N, Wald-Dickler N, Yang W PMID: 33632000 DOI: 10.1177/0885066621994057 Abstract Objectives: This study retrospectively compares the effectiveness of methylprednisolone to dexamethasone in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19) requiring intensive care. Design: This is an institutional review board approved cohort study in patients with [...]

Authors: Wambier CG, Lin EM, Cadegiani FA, Goren A, Nau GJ PMID: 33633920 PMCID: PMC7899267 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13492 Abstract Background The entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) into type II pneumocytes is dependent on a modification of viral spike proteins by transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) expressed on the surface of human cells. [...]

Authors: Thimmulappa RK, Mudnakudu-Nagaraju KK, Shivamallu C, Bhojraj S. PMID: PMC7899028 doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06350 Abstract Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), a devastating respiratory illness caused by SARS-associated coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has already affected over 64 million people and caused 1.48 million deaths, just 12 months from the first diagnosis. COVID-19 patients develop serious complications, including severe pneumonia, acute respiratory [...]

Uncertainty remains about how long the protective immune responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 persists, and suspected reinfection in recovered patients has been reported. We describe a case of reinfection from distinct virus lineages in Brazil harboring the E484K mutation, a variant associated with escape from neutralizing antibodies.