The SARS-CoV-2 virus spreading across the world has led to surges of COVID-19 illness, hospitalizations, and death. The complex and multifaceted pathophysiology of life-threatening COVID-19 illness including viral mediated organ damage, cytokine storm, and thrombosis warrants early interventions to address all components of the devastating illness. In countries where therapeutic nihilism is prevalent, patients endure escalating symptoms and without early treatment can succumb to delayed in-hospital care and death.

Authors: Franke C, Ferse C, Kreye J, Rocco A, Hosp J PMID: 33359380 PMCID: PMC7834471 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.12.022 Abstract Background: COVID-19 intensive care patients can present with neurological syndromes, usually in the absence of SARS-CoV-2 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The recent finding of some virus-neutralizing antibodies cross-reacting with brain tissue suggests the possible involvement of specific [...]

Authors: Edalatifard M, Akhtari M, Salehi M, Naderi Z, Jamshidi A, Mostafaei S PMID: 32943404 PMCID: PMC7758541 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02808-2020 Abstract Introduction: There are no determined treatment agents for severe COVID-19. It is suggested that methylprednisolone, as an immunosuppressive treatment, can reduce the inflammation of the respiratory system in COVID-19 patients. Methods: [...]

Authors: Lundgren JD, Grund B, Barkauskas CE, Holland TL, Gottlieb RL, et al. PMID: 33356051 PMCID: PMC7781100 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2033130 Abstract Background: LY-CoV555, a neutralizing monoclonal antibody, has been associated with a decrease in viral load and the frequency of hospitalizations or emergency department visits among outpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Data are needed on [...]

Authors: Ahmad Q, DePerrior SE, Dodani S, Edwards JF, Marik PE DOI: https://doi.org/10.18103/mra.v8i12.2307 Abstract Background: Inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the pathophysiology and prognosis of severe COVID-19. Inflammatory biomarkers may guide the clinician in making treatment decisions as well as in the allocation of resources. Objective: This study aimed to assess how levels of [...]

Authors: Salama C, Han J, Yau L, Reiss WG, Kramer B PMID: 33332779 PMCID: PMC7781101 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2030340 Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pneumonia is often associated with hyperinflammation. Despite the disproportionate incidence of Covid-19 among underserved and racial and ethnic minority populations, the safety and efficacy of the anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody tocilizumab in patients [...]

Authors: Koehler P, Bassetti M, Chen SC, Colombo AL, Perfect JR PMID: 33333012 PMCID: PMC7833078 DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30847-1 Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causes direct damage to the airway epithelium, enabling aspergillus invasion. Reports of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis have raised concerns about it worsening the disease course of COVID-19 and increasing mortality. Additionally, the [...]

Authors: Al-kuraishy HM, Ali-Gareeb AI, Al-Niemi MS, Buhadily AK PMID: 33623736 PMCID: PMC7883493 doi: 10.4103/JMAU.JMAU_63_20 Abstract COVID-19 pathology is mainly associated to a pulmonary disease which sometimes might result in an uncontrollable storm related to inflammatory diseases which could be fatal. It is well known that phosphodiesterase enzyme type 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is), such as sildenafil, [...]

Authors: Abu-Farha M, Al-Sabah S, Hammad MM, Hebbar P, John SE, Taher I et al. PMID: 33362545 PMCID: PMC7756688 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.587451 Abstract COVID-19 is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2, which has infected over thirty eight million individuals worldwide. Emerging evidence indicates that COVID-19 patients are at a high risk of developing coagulopathy and [...]

Authors: Kalfas S, Visvanathan K, Chan K, Drago J. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.30.20236570 Abstract Introduction Ivermectin is a commonly used antihelminthic agent with over 35 years of established safety data in humans. Recent data demonstrates antiviral activity in vitro against SARS-CoV-2, in addition to a range of viruses. In vitro and animal models also provide evidence of [...]